Establishing the Prayer and the Sunnah Regarding Them

It wasnarrated that Abu Hurairah said: “When the Messenger of Allah(ﷺ)raised his head from Ruku’ in the Subh prayer, he said: ‘OAllah,save Al-Walid bin Walid, Salamah bin Hisham and ‘Ayyash bin AbuRabi’ah, and the oppressed in Makkah. O Allah, tighten Your grip onMudar, and send them years of famine like the famine of Yusuf.”

It wasnarrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) commandedkillingthe two black ones during prayer; the scorpion and the snake.

It wasnarrated that ‘Aishah said: “The Prophet (ﷺ) was stung by ascorpion while he was performing prayer, and he said: ‘May Allahcursethe scorpion, for it does not spare anyone, whether he ispraying ornot. Kill them whether you are in Ihram or not.’” InAl-Hill (outsidethe sacred precincts of Makkah) or Al-Haram (thesacred precincts orMakkah).

It wasnarrated from Ibn Abu Rafi’, from his father, from hisgrandfather,that the Prophet (ﷺ) killed a scorpion while he waspraying.

It wasnarrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)forbadetwo prayers: prayer after the Fajr until the sun has risen,andprayer after ‘Asr until the sun has set.

It wasnarrated from Abu Sa’eed Al-Khudri that the Prophet (ﷺ)said: “There is no prayer after the ‘Asr until the sun has set, andthere is no prayer after the Fajr until the sun has risen.”

It wasnarrated that Ibn ‘Abbas said: “Good men among whom was ‘Umarbin Khattab, and the best of them in my view is ‘Umar, testifiedbefore me that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘There is noprayerafter Fajr until the sun has risen, and there is no prayerafter the‘Asr until the sun has set.’”

It wasnarrated that ‘Amr bin ‘Abasah said: “I came to the Messengerof Allah (ﷺ) and said: ‘Is there any time that is more beloved toAllah than another?’ He said: ‘Yes, the middle of the night, soprayas much as you want until dawn comes. Then refrain from prayinguntilthe sun has risen, and as long as it looks like a shield untilitbecomes apparent. Then pray as much as you want until a polestands onits shadow (i.e., noon), then refrain from praying until ithascrossed the zenith, for Hell is heated up at midday. Then pray asmuchas you want until you pray ‘Asr, then refrain from prayinguntil thesun has set, for it sets between the two horns of Satan andit risesbetween the two horns of Satan.’”

It wasnarrated that Abu Hurairah said: “Safwan bin Mu’attal askedtheMessenger of Allah (ﷺ): ‘O Messenger of Allah, I want to ask youabout something of which you have knowledge and I know nothing.’ Hesaid: ‘What is it?’ He said: ‘Is there any time of the night ordaywhen it is disliked to perform prayer? He said: ‘Yes, when youhaveprayed the Subh, then do not pray until the sun has risen, foritrises between the two horns of Satan. Then pray, for the prayer isattended (by the angels) and is acceptable (to Allah) until the sunisright overhead like a spear. For at that time Hell is heated upandits gates are opened. (Then refrain from prayer) until the sunpassesthe zenith. Then when it has passed the zenith, the prayer isattended(by the angels) and is acceptable (to Allah) until you praythe ‘Asr.Then stop praying until the sun has set.’”

It wasnarrated from Abu ‘Abdullah As-Sunabihi that the Messenger ofAllah(ﷺ) said: “The sun rises between the two horns of Satan” or hesaid “The two horns of Satan rise with it, and when it has risen,Satan parts from it. When it is in the middle of the sky heaccompanies it, then when it has crossed the zenith he parts from it.When it is about to set, he accompanies it, and when it has set heparts from it. So do no pray at these three times.”

It wasnarrated that Jubair bin Mut’im said: “The Messenger of Allah(ﷺ) said: ‘O Banu ‘Abd Manaf! Do not prevent anyone fromcircumambulating this House or praying at any time he wants of thedayor night.”

It wasnarrated that ‘Abdullah bin Mas’ud said: “The Messenger ofAllah (ﷺ) said: ‘You may come across people who offer a prayer atthe wrong time. If you meet them, then perform prayer in your housesat the time that you know, then pray with them and make thatvoluntary.”

It wasnarrated from Abu Dharr that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Offerprayeron time, and if you reached the Imam leading them in prayers(ontime), then perform it with them, and you will be safe with yourprayer, otherwise it will be voluntary for you.”

It wasnarrated from ‘Ubadah bin Samit that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Therewill be leaders who will be distracted by matters and they willdelaythe prayer until after its proper time. So make your prayer withthemvoluntary.”

It wasnarrated that Ibn ‘Umar said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)saidconcerning the fear prayer: “The Imam should lead one group inprayer, and they should perform one prostration, and there should beanother group between them and the enemy (guarding them). Then thosewho did the prostration with their leader should move away, and takethe place of those who have not yet prayed. Then those who have notyet prayed should come forward and perform one prostration with theirleader. Then their leader should move away, and his prayer will becomplete. Then each group should perform one prostration by itself.Ifthe fear is too great, then (they should pray) on foot orriding.’” Hesaid: What is meant by prostration here is a Rak’ah.

It wasnarrated from Sahl bin Abu Hathmah that he said concerning thefearprayer: “The Imam should stand facing the Qiblah, and a group ofthem should stand with him, and another group should stand in thedirection of the enemy, facing towards the row (of worshippers). Heshould lead them in one Rak’ah, then they should bow and do twoprostrations by themselves where they are. Then they should go andtake the place of the others, and the others should come and pray oneRak’ah, bowing and prostrating with the leader. Then he will haveprayed two Rak’ah and they will have prayed one; then they shouldperform another Rak’ah, bowing and performing two prostrations.”

It wasnarrated from Jabir bin ‘Abdullah that the Prophet (ﷺ) ledhisCompanions in the fear prayer. He led them all in bowing, then theMessenger of Allah (ﷺ) and the row nearest him prostrated, and theothers stood up, then when he stood up, they prostrated twice bythemselves. Then the front row moved back and took their place, andthey moved forward until they formed the front row. Then the Prophet(ﷺ) led them all in bowing, then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) andthe row nearest to him prostrated, and when they raised their heads,the others prostrated twice. So all of them bowed with the Prophet(ﷺ) and some of them prostrated by themselves, and the enemy was inthe direction of the Qiblah.

It wasnarrated that Abu Mas’ud said: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)said:“The sun and the moon do not become eclipsed for the death ofanyone among mankind. If you see that, then stand and performprayer.”

It wasnarrated that Nu’man bin Bashir said: “The sun was eclipsed atthe time of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he came out alarmed,dragging his lower garment, until he reached the mosque. He continuedto perform prayer until the eclipse was over, then he said: ‘Somepeople claim that the sun and moon only become eclipsed because ofthedeath of a great leader. That is not so. The sun and the moon donotbecome eclipsed for the death or birth of anyone. When AllahmanifestsHimself to anything in His creation, it humbles itselfbefore Him.’”

It wasnarrated that ‘Aishah said: “The sun was eclipsed during thelifeof the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)wentout to the mosque and stood and said the Takbir, and the peopleformed rows behind him. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) recited for along time, then he said the Takbir and bowed for a long time. Then heraised his head and said: ‘Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah, Rabban waslakal-hamd.’ Then he stood and recited for a long time, but shorterthan the first recitation. Then he said the Takbir and bowed for along time, but less than the first bowing. Then he said: ‘Sami’Allahuliman hamidah, Rabbana wa lakal-hamd.’ Then he did the samein thenext Rak’ah, and he completed four Rak’ah and four sets ofprostration, and the eclipse ended before he finished. Then he stoodand addressed the people. He praised Allah as He deserves to bepraised, then he said: ‘The sun and the moon are two of the signsofAllah. They do not become eclipsed for the death or birth ofanyone.If you see that then seek help in prayer.’”

It wasnarrated that Samurah bin Jundab said: “The Messenger of Allah(ﷺ) led us in the eclipse prayer, and we did not hear his voice.”

It wasnarrated that Asma’ bint Abu Bakr said: “The Messenger ofAllah(ﷺ) performed the eclipse prayer. He stood for a long time,then hebowed for a long time, then he stood up for a long time, thenhebowed for a long time, then he stood up, then he prostrated for along time, then he sat up, then he prostrated for a long time. Hestood for a long time, then he bowed for a long time, then he stoodupfor a long time, then he bowed for a long time, then he stood upfor along times, then he bowed for a long time, then he stood up,then heprostrated for a long time, then he sat up, then heprostrated for along time. Then he finished and said: ‘Paradisewas brought close tome, so that if I had dared, I could have broughtyou some of itsfruits. And Hell was brought near to me, until Isaid: “O Lord, am, Ione of them?” Nafi’ said: “I think thathe said: ‘And i saw a womanbeing scratched by a cat that belongedto her. I said: “What is wrongwith this woman?” They said: “Shedetained it until it died of hunger;she did not feed it and she didnot let it loose to eat of the verminof the earth.”

It wasnarrated from Hisham bin Ishaq bin ‘Absullah bin Kinanah thathisfather said: “One of the chiefs* sent me to Ibn ‘Abbas to ask himabout the prayer for rain. Ibn ‘Abbas said: ‘What kept him fromaskingme?’ He said: ‘The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went outhumbly, walkingwith a humble and moderate gait, imploring, and heperformed twoRak’ah as he used to pray for ‘Eid, but he did notgive a sermon likethis sermon of yours.’”

It wasnarrated that ‘Abdullah bin Abu Bakr said: “I heard ‘Abbad binTamim narrating to my father that his paternal uncle had seen theProphet (ﷺ) going out to the prayer place to pray for rain. Hefaced the Qiblah and turned his cloak around, and prayed two Rak’ah.”

It wasnarrated that Abu Hurairah said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ)wentout one day to pray for rain. He led us in praying two Rak’ahwithout any Adhan or Iqamah, then he addressed us and supplicated toAllah. He turned to face the Qiblah, raising his hands, then heturnedhis cloak around, putting its right on the left and its lefton theright.”

It wasnarrated from Shurahbil bin Simt that he said to Ka’b: “O Ka’bbin Murrah, narrate to us a Hadith from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ),but be careful.” He said: “A man came to the Prophet (ﷺ) andsaid:‘O Messenger of Allah, ask Allah for rain!’ So theMessenger of Allah(ﷺ) raised his hands and said: ‘O Allah! Sendwholesome, productiverain upon all of us, sooner rather than later,beneficial and notharmful.’ No sooner had they finished performingFriday (prayer) butthey were revived. Then they came to him andcomplained to him aboutthe rain, saying: ‘O Allah, around us andnot upon us.’ Then theclouds began to disperse right and left.”

It wasnarrated that Ibn ‘Abbas said: “A Bedouin came to the Prophet(ﷺ) and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah, I have come to you frompeoplewho have no place to graze their flocks and even their malecamelshave become weak. He mounted the pulpit and praised Allah,then hesaid: ‘O Allah, send upon us all abundant, wholesome rain,productiveand plentiful, sooner rather than later.’ Then the raincame down, andno one came to him from any direction but they said:‘We have beenrevived.’”

Mu’tamirnarrated from his father, from Barakah, from Bashir binNahik, fromAbu Hurairah: “The Prophet (ﷺ) supplicated for rain(raising hishands) until I saw or one could see the whiteness of hisarmpits.”

Salimnarrated that his father said: “Sometimes I remember the words ofthe poet when I was looking at the face of the Messenger of Allah(ﷺ) on the pulpit. He did not come down until all the waterspoutsin Al-Madinah were filled with rain. And I remember what the poetsaid: ‘He has a white complexion and rain is sought by virtue of his countenance,He cares for the orphans, and protects the widows,These are the words of Abu Talib.”