The Chapters on Rulings

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “Whoever is appointed judge between the people, he has been slaughtered without a knife.”

It was narrated from Anas bin Malik that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever asks to be appointed a judge, will be entrusted to himself, but “Whoever asks to be appointed a judge, will be entrusted to himself, but whoever is forced to accept position, an angel will come down to him and guide him.' ”

It was narrated that 'Ali said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sent me to Yemen. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, you are sending me to judge between them while I am a young man, and I do not know how to judge.' He struck me on the chest with his hand and said: 'O Allah, guide his heart and make his tongue steadfast.' And after that I never doubted in passing judgment between two people.”

It was narrated that 'Abdullah said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “There is no judge who judges between the people but on the Day of Resurrection an angel will come and take hold of the back of his head towards the sky and if it said: “Throw him, “he will throw into an abyss the depth of forty autumns (years).' ”

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Abu Awfa that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Allah is with the judge so long as he is not unjust, but if he rules unjustly, He entrusts him to himself.”

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin 'Amr that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “The curse of Allah is upon the one who offers a bribe and the one who takes it.”

It was narrated from 'Amr bin 'As that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “When the judge passes a judgement and does his best and gets it right, he will have two rewards, and if he passes a judgement and does his best and gets it wrong, he will have one reward.” (Sahih)Yazid (one of narrators) said : “So I Narrated it to Abu Bakr bin 'Amr bin Hazm. He said: 'This is how it was narrated to me by Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah.'”

Abu Hashim said: “Were it not for the Hadith of Ibn Buraidah from his father, from the Prophet (ﷺ) who said: 'Judges are of three types, two of whom will be in Hell and one will be in Paradise. The man who knows the truth and rules in accordance with it, will be in Paradise. The man who passes judgment on the people in ignorance will be in Hell' - we would have said that if the judge does his best he will be in Paradise.”

It was narrated from 'Abdul-Malik bin 'Umair that he heard 'Abdur-Rahman bin Abu Bakrah (narrate) from his father that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Let the judge (Qadi) not pass a judgment when he is angry.”

It was narrated from Umm Salamah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “You refer your disputes to me and I am only human. Perhaps some of you may be more eloquent in presenting your case than others, so I rule in your favor because of what I hear from you. If I pass a judgement in favor of one of you that detracts from his brother's rights, then he should not take it, because it is a piece of fire that is given to him which he will bring forth on the Day Resurrection.”

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “I am only human, and some of you may be more eloquent in presenting your case than others. If I pass a judgement in his favor that detracts from his brother's rights, I am giving him a piece of fire.”

It was narrated from Abu Dharr that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “Whoever claims something that does not belong to him; he is not one of us, so let him take his place in Hell.”

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever takes the wrongdoer's side in a dispute or supports wrongdoing, he will remain subject to the wrath of Allah until he gives it up.”

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “If the people were given what they claimed, some would have claimed the lives and property of men. But the one the claim is made against is obliged to swear an oath.”

It was narrated that Ash'ath bin Qais Said: “There was a dispute between myself and a Jewish man concerning some land, and he denied me my rights so I brought him to the Prophet (ﷺ). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to me: 'Do you have proof' I said: 'No.’ He said to the Jews, 'Swear an oath.' I said: 'If he swears an oath he will take my property.' Then Allah, Glorious is He, revealed: 'Verily, those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah's covenant and their oaths, they shall have no portion in the Hereafter (Paradise). Neither will Allah neither speak to them nor look at them on the Day of Resurrection nor will He purifies them, and they shall have a painful torment.'”

It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Mas'ud that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Whoever swears a false oath in order to seize the wealth of a Muslim unlawfully, he will meet Allah when He is angry with him.”

Abu Umamah Al-Harithi narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: “No man seizes the wealth of a Muslim unlawfully by means of his (false) oath, but Allah will deny Paradise to him and will doom him to Hell.” A man among the people said: “O Messenger of Allah, even if it is something small?” He said: “Even if it is a twig of an Arak tree.”

It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'Whoever swears a false oath near this pulpit of mine, let him take his place in Hell, even if it is for a green twig.”

Muhammad bin Yahya, who is Abu Yunus Al-Qawi, said: I heard Abu Salamah say: I heard Abu Hurairah say: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'No man or woman swears a false oath beside this pulpit, even if it is for a fresh twig, but he will be doomed to Hell.”

It was narrated from Bara' bin 'Azib that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) called one of the Jewish scholars and said: “ Swear by the One Who sent the Torah (Tawrah) down to Musa.”

It was narrated from Jabir bin 'Abdullah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to two Jews: “Swear by Allah Who sent the Tawrah down to Musa, peace be upon him.”

It was narrated from Abu Hurairah that: he said that two men laid claim to an animal, and neither of them had any proof, so the Prophet (ﷺ) commanded them to cast lots as to which of them should swear an oath.

It was narrated from Abu Musa that : two men referred a dispute to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) concerning an animal, and neither of them had proof, so he ruled that it should be divided in half.

It was narrated from Samurah bin Jundub that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “If a man loses something, or it is stolen from him, and he finds it in the possession of a man who bought it, then he has more right to it, and the one who bought it should ask for his money back from the one who sold it to him.' ”

It was narrated from Ibn Shihab that : Ibn Muhayyisah Al-Ansari told him that a she-camel belonging to Bara used to wander free. It entered a garden belonging to some people and caused some damage. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was told of that, and he ruled that property was to be protected by its owners of livestock were responsible for any damage caused by their animals during the night.

It was narrated that a man from Banu Suwa'ah said: 'I said to 'Aishah: Tell me about the character of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).' She said: 'Have you not read the Qur'an: “And verily, you (O Mohammed {SAW}) are on an exalted (standard of) character?” She said: 'The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was with his Companions, and I made some food for him, and Hafsah made some food for him, but Hafash got there before me. So I said to the slave girl: “Overturn her bowl.” She went and caught up with her, and she was about to put (the bowl) in front of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). She overturned it and the bowl broke, scattering the food. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gathered the pieces and the food on the leather mat and they ate. Then he sent for my bowl and gave it to Hafsah, and said: “Take this pot in place of your pot, and eat what is in it.” And I did not see any expression of anger on the face of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ).' ”

It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said: “The Prophet (ﷺ) was with one of the Mothers of the Believers (his wives) and another (wife) sent a bowl containing food. She (the first wife) struck the hand of the Messenger of (ﷺ) and the bowl fell and broke. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) took the two pieces and put them back together, then he started gathering up the food and putting it in (the bowl). He said: 'Your mother was jealous. Eat.' So they ate, and she (the wife who broke the bowl) brought the bowl that was in her house and gave the intact bowl to the Messenger (ﷺ), who left the broken bowl in the house of the one who broke it.”

It was narrated that Anas bin Malik said: “The Prophet (ﷺ): 'When anyone of you asks his neighbor for permission to fix a piece of wood to his wall, he should not refuse him. 'When Abu Hurairah told them this, they lowered their heads, and when he saw them he said: 'Why do I see you turning away from it? By Allah, I will force you to accept it.' ”

'Ikrimah bin Salamh narrated that : there were two brothers from among the sons of Mughirah. One of them swore an oath to set a slave free if the other one fixed a piece of wood to his wall. Mujammi' bin Yazid and many men from among the Ansar came and said: “We bear witness that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: 'None of you should refuse to let his neighbor fix a piece of wood to his wall.' ” He said: 'O my brother, judgment has been passed in your favor against me, but I have sworn an oath.' So go ahead and fix your wood to my wall.”

It was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: “No one of you should refuse to let his neighbor fix a piece of wood to his wall.”